5 (132) In stock
Background Pictorial blood loss assessment charts (PBACs) represent the most widely used method to assess menstrual blood loss (MBL) in clinical trials. The aims of this review were to: (1) determine the diagnostic accuracy of PBACs that have been validated against the reference alkaline hematin technique; (2) categorize the pitfalls of using obsolete and nonvalidated charts; (3) provide guidelines for development of a new PBAC or use of an existing chart to measure MBL in clinical trials; and (4) consider the feasibility of using pictorial charts in primary care. Methods A literature review was conducted using Embase and MEDLINE databases. The review identified reports of women with self-perceived or actual heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), bleeding disorders, abnormal uterine bleeding, leiomyomata (uterine fibroids) or endometriosis, and women undergoing treatment for HMB, as well as those with normal menstrual periods. Data were reviewed from studies that focused on the development and validation of PBACs and from those that used derivative noncertified charts to assess HMB. Results Nine studies reported validation of PBAC scoring systems against the alkaline hematin technique. Across these studies, the sensitivity was 58–97%, the specificity was 7.5–95.5%, the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.1–13.8 and 0.14–0.56, respectively, and the diagnostic odds ratio was 2.6–52.4. The cut-off score above which the diagnosis of HMB was made ranged from 50 to 185. Several modifications of these PBACs were used in other studies; however, objective confirmation of their validity was not reported. Overall, there was widespread inconsistency of chart design, scoring systems, diagnostic cut-off limits and post-treatment outcome measures. Conclusions PBACs are best suited to the controlled and specific environment of clinical studies, where clinical outcome parameters are defined. The current lack of standardization precludes widespread use of the PBAC in primary care. Review registration number PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews: CRD42016030083.
14 Stroke (CVA) Nursing Diagnosis and Nursing Care Plans - Nurseslabs
Wellbeing and Productivity: A Review of the Literature Working Paper by Amy Isham, Simon Mair and Tim Jackson
Doppler ultrasound for prediction of IUCD-induced heavy menstrual bleeding: a prospective cohort study, Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Endometriosis - iCareBetter
From menarche to menopause, heavy menstrual bleeding is the underrated compass in reproductive health - ScienceDirect
Post-exertional malaise - MEpedia
Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart for evaluating heavy menstrual bleeding in Asian women
Pictorial methods to assess heavy menstrual bleeding in research and clinical practice: a systematic literature review, BMC Women's Health
The use of ecological momentary assessment for family caregivers of adults with chronic conditions: A systematic review
9 Cesarean Birth Nursing Care Plans (C-Section) - Nurseslabs
Culture and menstruation - Wikipedia
JCM, Free Full-Text